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In this letter, written in English, Routhier declares: “M. A letter from Routhier to Thomas Bedford Richardson, dated 12 February 1907, was presented to the National Library of Canada in 1975 by Richardson’s daughter, Mrs. However, some key information came to light in the late 1970s. ( See also: Calixa Lavallée and the Origins of “O Canada”) This version of events, long held to be authentic, was printed in Louis LeJeune’s Dictionnaire général du Canada (1931) and Eugène Lapierre’sīiography Calixa Lavallée (1936). Théodore Robitaille, begged Lavallée to put them to music. It claimed that Routhier wrote the words first and that the lieutenant-governor of Québec, In December 1920, an article in La Presse titled “The Genesis of Our National Anthem ‘O Canada!’” debunked Blanche Gagnon’s story. Saint-Jean-Baptiste celebrations, and then asked Judge Adolphe-Basile Routhier to write the lyrics, suggesting to him the first line of the song. Ernest Gagnon was president and Clodomir DelisleĬalixa Lavallée, composer of the National Anthem "O Canada" and one of a generation of pioneers who nourished the growth of music in early Canada.Ĭonflicting accounts were put forth over the years regarding the composition of “O Canada.” In an article in La Musique in June 1920, Blanche Gagnon claimed that her father, Ernest Gagnon, invited Lavallée to compose a national song for the Louis-Nazaire LeVasseur and Joseph Vézina. The committee consisted of 23 members, including Calixa Lavallée,Īrthur Lavigne, Gustave Gagnon, Alfred Paré, Not enough time to hold a competition, so on 15 March 1880 a music committee was appointed to produce a song. The letter was sent on 24 January 1880, and the organizers of the festival decided there was The Reverend Napoléon Caron of the Trois-Rivières diocese suggested that a competition be held to choose a national anthem or song for the June celebration. In a letter to the National Convention of French Canadians, which was to be held 23–25 June 1880 in Québec City during the Saint-Jean-Baptiste festivities, That “the melody of this song and that of Claire Fontaine take the place of a national anthem until something better comes along.” In 1878, the St-Jean-Baptiste Society of Montréal officiallyĪdopted “ À la claire fontaine” as a national song. In Chansons populaires du Canada (1865), Ernest Gagnon wrote of “ Vive la Canadienne” However, none of these songs had connected sufficiently with the general populace. Other songs, such as “ La Huronne”īy Célestin Lavigueur and “ Le Drapeau de Carillon” by Labelle,įor the founding of the St-Jean-Baptiste Society in 1834. Was composed by Sir George-Étienne Cartier, with music by J.-B. One of the first, “Sol canadien, terre chérie,” with words written in 1829 by Isidore Bédard and music by Theodore Molt, was short-lived. By the mid-19th century, several compositions By 1880, “God Save the King” and “ The Maple Leaf For Ever” were popular patriotic songs and de facto national anthems in English Canada, but a national song had long been desired by French Canadians.